What Is TMAO and How Can We Reduce Our Levels? J Food Bioact Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis Nature Medicine Gut Microbiota Derived TMAO: A Causal Factor Promoting Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease? Systematic investigation of the relationships of trimethylamine N oxide and l carnitine with obesity in both humans and rodents Food & Function (RSC Publishing) Dietary bioactive ingredients to modulate the gut microbiota derived metabolite TMAO. New opportunities for functional food development Food & Function (RSC Publishing) DOI:10.1039 D0FO01237H