The Intricate Gut Heart Connection; The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease Simultaneous quantification of trimethylamine oxide and its precursors from gut microbial metabolic pathway Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) is a small molecule produced in humans primarily by the gut liver axis and has become an important biomarker, and possible mediator, of cardiometabolic and renal disease. Dietary choline, phosphatidylcholine ( Pathobiological Relationship of Excessive Dietary Intake of Choline L Carnitine: A TMAO Precursor Associated Aggravation in Heart Failure in Sarcopenic Patients A Review of The Contribution of Gut Dependent Microbiota Derived Marker, Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO), in Coronary Artery Disease Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal TMAO biosynthesis. L carnitine and choline are derived from the diet Download Scientific Diagram